Expressing conditions
Expressing conditions in English is done using conditional sentences. These sentences have two parts: the "if" clause (the condition) and the main clause (the result or consequence). The structure of a conditional sentence depends on the type of condition being expressed. Here are the main types of conditional sentences:
Zero Conditional:
This type of conditional sentence expresses general truths or facts. It is used when the condition always leads to the same result. The structure is as follows:
If + present simple, + present simple
Example:
| 🔊 | If it rains, the ground gets wet. |
First Conditional:
This type of conditional sentence expresses a realistic or likely condition and its probable result. The structure is as follows:
If + present simple, + will + base form of the verb
Example:
| 🔊 | If it rains, we will stay indoors. |
Second Conditional:
This type of conditional sentence expresses an unreal or hypothetical condition and its probable result. The structure is as follows:
If + past simple, + would + base form of the verb
Example:
| 🔊 | If I had more money, I would travel the world. |
Third Conditional:
This type of conditional sentence expresses a past unreal condition and its hypothetical result. It talks about a situation that didn't happen in the past. The structure is as follows:
If + past perfect, + would have + past participle
Example:
| 🔊 | If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam. |
It's important to note that there are variations and other forms of conditional sentences as well. Additionally, in some cases, "unless" can be used instead of "if not" to express a negative condition.
Activity 1
Write de correct answer.
at home.
hard, she will pass the exam.
on sale.
now, you'll catch the last train.
a picnic if the weather is nice.
that job offer.
around the world.
a promotion.
the test.
to the beach if it weren't so cold.
Activity 2
You will go to camp in the place you are looking at. Now imagine hypothetical situations or future events that could happen there. Create 3 future events and 3 hypothetical situations making use of the second and third conditional. Record yourself when you are ready!
Speaking
